Do on-site fitness facilities influence employee physical activity via self-efficacy?

Date of Award

Spring 2026

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)

Committee Chair

Lewis Chongwony

Committee Member

Natalya Koehler

Committee Member

Jennifer Sheinberg

Abstract

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that a healthy workforce saves health costs, improves productivity, reduces absenteeism, and increases morale. An issue facing organizations is how to get employees to participate in wellness activities. The study investigates how on-site fitness facilities influence employee physical activity and whether self-efficacy mediates that relationship. Based on social cognitive and socioecological frameworks, the study examines the role of on-site fitness facilities as an environmental factor and self-efficacy as an individual determinant of workplace physical activity. The study hypothesizes that using on-site fitness facilities positively influences employees’ physical activity and that self-efficacy related to physical activity mediates that relationship. Data were collected via an online survey, yielding 220 completed responses from U.S. full-time employees. The study found a significant difference in physical activity and self-efficacy between the participants who used the on-site fitness facilities and those who did not. The results also suggested that participants’ use of on-site fitness facilities had a positive total effect on their physical activity, with self-efficacy as the mediator. In addition, the study found that mere access to on-site fitness facilities did not affect the participants’ physical activity despite its positive influence on their self-efficacy. The study provided empirical evidence for promoting workplace physical activity and improving employee well-being.

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